Information Technology in the Leh District

National Informatics Centre established  VSAT at Leh in 1990 .It is the highest VSAT centre in the world . National Informactics Center is the nodal Information& Technology organization for informatics development and Networking in Government and Government related Organizations in Ladakh. NIC Leh is the backbone of communication to and fro Ladakh. It has done pioneer works in the field of ground level planing , monitoring, transfer of files and information. VSAT is the most efficient form of communication due to its high speed and low cost  to remote and inaccessible areas .NIC is decision support organization to Government of India. Its main objective is to provide complete informatics services to Government and Government related organizations. it has developed a  lot of  database in various subjects in ladakh.

In the age of information technology the networking of the offices through WAN and LAN and its Internet connection  is most essential for speedy and cost effective transfer of information. Keeping in view the geographic location and the condition, the communication through networking of the offices is indispensable. In addition to carrying Intranet data, it  can provide high performance delivery virtually any type of kind of data  at high speed and a low cost.

In order to meet this object,  a unique network has been established in Leh- Ladakh. The network having LAN at the Sub Divisional  Headquarters CIC Centres  with Vsat Skyblaster for connectivity and  DAMA VSAT at Leh for Wide Area Net Work

Impact of IT

Information Technology is an important and extremely effective tool through which development and progress can take place with the co-operation of all strata of society including government and the public. District  Administration is committed to providing a responsive and effective administration for the welfare of the public keeping in view the national objectives. District  Administration recognizes the need to harness the growing power of I.T. for the betterment of the life of the residents of the District Leh of Jammu & Kashmir State.

Dealing with Government is usually complicated, slow and confusing. Government typically is associated with complex hierarchies, elaborate procedures, and slow decision making. Public access to Government services is uncoordinated, cumbersome and paper based, which is further compounded in case more than one agency is involved. Service delivery by the government can be contrasted for example with ATM services abroad, which provide twenty four hour service of high quality using Information Technology. Similarly, tracking a file in a Government department can be an exasperating experience, while companies like the Federal Express using Information Technology, can pinpoint the location of a package anywhere in the world, despite handling more than two million packages a day.

Mystification of procedures and an atmosphere of obscurity gives immense discretion and consequently power, to the bureaucracy. Existing organizational structures, hierarchies and procedures in Government were designed in fact for a different era. IT together with, greater transparency, flatter organizational structures, and simpler procedures can help tackle some of the maladies of Government resulting in speedier and better decisions.

The District Administration  intends to take steps to improve the quality of the citizen Government interface, by introducing a process of administrative reform integrated with use of Information Technology. The Government recognizes that merely introducing Information Technology without concomitant changes in organizational structures and administrative culture cannot exploit the full potential of Information Technology.

Frequently Information Technology is wrongly viewed as an end in itself, rather than as a means to improving administrative and managerial efficiency. Information Technology is also frequently used to merely automate existing processes whereas, it should rather be used strategically, to radically improve organizational effectiveness. It is necessary therefore that Information Technology be fully integrated with the process of administrative reform in order to make a tangible difference in the quality of service delivery to the common man.

Rapid changes are taking place in the field of Information Technology with the convergence of computing and communications. The emergence of the Internet and its associated technologies has opened up an entirely new paradigm in which Governments will be required to function in the future. The infrastructure for the electronic Governments of the future is fast taking shape. Singapore with its ‘IT - 2000: Vision of an Intelligent Island’ or Malaysia with its ‘Multimedia Super Corridor’ are examples in point. It is in this context that the District Leh  intends, over the next five years, to make definite progress in using Information Technology for better governance.

The Vision

The vision of District  Administration is to create a knowledge-based society through extensive use of Information Technology. District Administration envisages a scenario wherein every citizen shall be able to access the benefits of Information technology by the year 2005. The residents of this region are enlightened enough to realise the significance of the I.T. revolution and it is expected that they shall wholeheartedly participate in this movement. The ultimate goal is to use I.T. as a medium for effective interaction between the Administration and the public so that exchange of information and access to government departments is speedy and easy lleading to a better quality of life.

Primarily, Information Technology will be used to increase quality, reduce costs and improve overall efficiency and effectiveness in government. The vision as delineated below is possible within the framework of technology as it exists today. The Internet, Web and groupware technologies today permit seamless access to huge volumes of information overcoming constraints of time and distance. Networking for the citizen

By the year ending  electronic networks will be introduced at all points of contact between the Government and the citizen. All forms requiring submission of information, while applying for any service or clearance from Government, will be made available for electronic access and submission.

Electronic mail

Electronic mail is good starting point for launching employees on to computerization. The use of email has been  encouraged and all employees have been  provided access to email facilities. This would also help the transition from a paper based Government of the present, to an electronic Government of the future.

One of the important Networking Services being provided by NIC is its Electronic Mail Service..

E-MAIL SERVICES OVER NICNET THROUGH VSAT’S

One separate email server is  installed at Leh  So that Electronic Mail (better known as E-Mail), "the means to exchange messages electronically", is the most commonly used Network Service. NIC provides different kinds of E-mail services to its users, over NICNET, NIC's satellite based communication network. The different types of e-mail services being provided include SMTP, UUCP and X.400. The NICNET e-mail service is distributed over many mail servers located at different NIC centres. These are inter-linked with each other such that mails can be exchanged amongst all types of users at Leh and Sub Divisional Hqs.Nyoma, Nubra, Khaltsi & Durbuk..

Civil Construction Architecture

All engineering departments will be required to effectively use Information Technology in the design, execution, monitoring and evaluation of their works. All future civil construction activity in Government will incorporate minimum standards for facilitating extension of networks in the future. The R&B department would therefore be required to work out such standards, for incorporation as part of its engineering designs.

During the year 2000-2001 Superintending Engineer, Executive Engineer R&B & Executive Engineer Construction procured computer systems , UPS, Printers and Plotters to be used for engineering purposes and CAD specially.

Accountability

Performance accountability will be kept in mind while designing information systems for each department. Each department’s information system will be so designed as to make it easy to assess the performance of each functionary on the basis of objective criteria. Thus the codification of officers in each department, and the linking of databases with such codes will be systematically carried out. This will help in institutionalizing accountability at all levels in the Government.

Computer literacy

There may be a need for insisting on computer literacy at all levels in Government. Consequently, all future recruitment in Government would necessitate basic computer literacy, so that the culture of using information technology in the service of the common man, can be effectively introduced in the governmental set up over time

Training of Employees

Large scale training of employees at all levels is contemplated as part of the approach spelt out in this paper. However, there is a possibility of rapid ‘de-skilling’ in the post training phase, unless facilities for computer access are made available to employees. This aspect would have to be kept in mind while planning for the introduction of Information Technology in different departments.

The present approach relies significantly on web technologies for setting up distributed data warehouses in different departments for providing seamless access to information both within and outside Government. Since the level of familiarity with web technologies is at present low, a detailed and well thought out plan will have to be worked out for training and supporting use of such technologies across the board.

Every year training programme is being organized by the District Administration for officers/officials of all the Departments from Leh and Sub Divisional Hqs.

Information Kiosks

It is proposed that by the next year Information Kiosks relating information of Tourism and district profiles &  Communication data to public i.e accessibility and retrieval of data by public through citizen I.T. interface (Information Kiosks) in Public Places such as Airport arrival lounge, Tourist Reception Centres, shopping centers,etc (Upgraded to manned public access terminals)also selected STD/ISD booths at prominent places can be converted into information Kiosks.

VSAT in Leh  : the New Paradigms

VSAT technology has emerged as a very useful especially for remote district like Leh , everyday application of modern telecommunications. VSAT stands for 'Very Small Aperture Terminal' and refers to 'receive/transmit' terminals installed at dispersed sites connecting to a central hub via satellite using small diameter antenna dishes (0.6 to 3.8 meter). VSAT technology represents a cost effective solution for users seeking an independent communications network connecting a large number of geographically dispersed sites. VSAT networks offer value-added satellite-based services capable of supporting the Internet, data, voice/fax etc. over LAN. Generally, these systems operate in the Ku-band and C-band frequencies.

District Administration  has been operating  IPA & FTDMA  VSAT in the Leh district  for the last  10 years .

The Internet technology has grown tremendously over the past few years and consequently, a dire need for high speed access mechanisms has arisen . New VSAT technology DAMA  , District Leh  has kept pace with the latest by installing  three VSATs

In order to meet its networking requirements, District Administration  has been operating  IPA & FTDMA  VSAT in the Leh district  for the last couple of years. To fulfill the growing demand of the NICNET users for a direct Internet access from their premises (eliminating the last-mile problem) and to support a number of value-added services, Leh district has  procured and installed  three new  DAMA VSATs  at Nyoma, Leh  and Khaltsi.

SETTING UP OF LAN/WAN AT SUB DIVISIONAL HQs THROUGH DAMA VSAT

In the age of information technology the networking of the offices through WAN and LAN and its Internet connection  is most essential for speedy and cost effective transfer of information. Keeping in view the geographic location and the condition, the communication through networking of the offices is indispensable. In addition to carrying Intranet data, it  can provide high performance delivery virtually any type of kind of data  at high speed and a low cost.

In order to meet this object,  a unique network is proposed to be established in Leh- Ladakh. The network will have LAN at the Sub Divisional  Headquarters CIC Centres with Skyblaster Vsat for connectivity and  DAMA VSAT at Leh for Wide Area Net Work. Video Conferencing Equipments were also installed at NIC DC Office, Hill Council Secretariat and SDM Office Nyoma.

A high speed NICNET  info-Highway, an incremental overlay over the existing network is proposed to be set up  with DAMA , Skyblaster Vsat   technology  to take advantage of Internet technology. Skyblaster Vsat  and DAMA which  works upto384 kbps transmit and 512 kbps receive, can give more security. NIC Leh has judiciously selected latest and proven technology and making operational in Ladakh conditions. The network has been designed with AUPC, AFEC, auto tracing to operate with station-kept as well as inclined orbit satellites. Each VSAT can dial and get connected to another. This state-of-the art VSAT offers far greater speed and efficiency in accessing Intranet content than the land based technologies. The network architecture combines a minimal bandwidth allocation for small incoming requests with high-speed satellite return links to facilitate the rapid transmission of information to the offices. With this, it  will be able to deliver multimedia-rich features, such as real-time video and audio to  remote locations at very high speed.

IT PROPOSALS & PLAN

1. Three more Vsat in being installed at the remaining Block Hqs viz, Leh, Kharu & Nyoma under CIC Project during the year 2005-06.With this complete Wide Area Network (WAN) will be established in Leh district.

2. One  IT Promotional Centre / IT Park is proposed to be setup in Leh by the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council & The proposal stands submitted to the IT Ministry Govt of India.

3. One proposal for setting up IP Star by the STPI  in Leh Feasibility report stands submitted.

4. Proposal for establishing Village IT Centre around Leh town villages under PURA Scheme stands submitted.